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Turkey failing on minority property rights
Reuters - Monday, March 16
By Ayla Jean Yackley
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ISTANBUL - Turkey's EU-inspired reforms of laws limiting property rights have created new obstacles for ethnic minorities and threaten to stymie progress towards membership of the bloc, a report said.
Non-Muslim Turks still face "anti-democratic and unlawful practices" that violate the European Convention on Human Rights, despite legislation in September that sought to ease restrictions on their property ownership, the report by the Turkish Economic and Social Studies Foundation, or Tesev, said.
The European Union has said Turkey must expand rights for minorities if it is to advance its membership bid. The European Commission welcomed the new law in its annual progress report on Turkey, but said the government had failed to implement it fully and had not resolved outstanding property disputes.
"The rights of minorities are of utmost importance in the EU process," Dilek Kurban, one of two authors of the Tesev report, said at a news conference on Saturday.
"If Turkey is unable to resolve the issue of property rights, EU membership is impossible."
Since the 1930s, Turkey has seized thousands of properties belonging to Greek, Armenian and Jewish foundations. The foundations are mainly tasked with overseeing assets belonging to the minorities.
Turkey has also curbed their ability to buy and sell assets, receive financial assistance from overseas and generate revenue from property.
The law passed in September lifted such restrictions and includes terms for the return of some of the confiscated property. But it offers no "fair solution" to ensure the return of assets and now requires non-Muslim charities to seek state permission to acquire new property, Istanbul-based Tesev said.
Turkey's population of 71 million is 99 percent Muslim. About 80,000 Armenians, Jews and Greeks remain in Turkey, the descendents of Ottoman Empire subjects.
Under the new law, the state has re-registered properties it has seized under different names to prevent their return and bars non-Muslims from establishing new foundations, a right afforded Muslim charities, the report said.
Turkey has lost five cases at the European Court of Human Rights in the past two years that were brought by ethnic Greek and Armenian foundations. The Strasbourg-based court ordered the Turkish government to return the properties or pay about 3.8 million euros in reparations.
Turkey's main opposition parties have appealed to Turkey's top court to strike down the new law on foundations.
"The government is making efforts to meet EU criteria, but unless all parties and institutions are part of the process, little progress can be achieved," said Kezban Hatemi, the second author of the report.
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