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Balkan hopefuls trip over past on way to EU
AFP - Sunday, September 13
BELGRADE (AFP) - - Serbian President Boris Tadic's recent visit to the Serb-run part of Bosnia has shown the past still bedevils ties between Balkan neighbours 15 years after the end of their war, despite their shared aim of joining the European Union.
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Tadic infuriated Croat and Muslim officials in the Bosnian capital Sarajevo by attending the opening of an elementary school named Serbia in the Bosnian Serb wartime stronghold of Pale on Tuesday.
Protesting against the visit, they said it was an obvious show of special relations between Belgrade and the Bosnian Serbs' Republika Srpska, which harmed central authorities in Bosnia.
Since the end of the 1992-1995 war sparked by the break-up of Serb-dominated Yugoslavia, Bosnia has consisted of two entities, Republika Srpska and the Muslim-Croat Federation, under the umbrella of a weak central authority in Sarajevo.
The fact that Tadic visited Pale and not Sarajevo, which is only a few kilometres (miles) away, reawakened fears among Muslim and Croat leaders that the Bosnian Serbs want to break away.
The visit also stirred up suspicions regarding Belgrade's respect of the Dayton accords, signed in November 1995, which ended the war in Bosnia and set up the current state.
"Serbia, as a signatory of the Dayton agreement, respects the territorial integrity of Bosnia and will not jeopardize it by any move," Tadic said on Thursday.
But Bosnian political analyst Srecko Latal charged that Tadic does not see Bosnia as a country, and regards Republika Srpska as a Serbian province.
His approach could be explained by the fact that "the idea of Greater Serbia," grouping all Serbs in the Balkans into one common state, "is still alive" among Serbian nationalist voters, Latal said.
He said it was a mistake that Belgrade has failed to remove any remaining ambiguities with Sarajevo and followed the example of Zagreb, which told Bosnian Croats that "their state is Bosnia, not Croatia."
However Tadic Friday urged more regular contacts between the states in the region, saying "we would be unable to solve our chronic problems" without them.
"Even informal visits contribute to a warming of relations, better dialogue and better understanding," he said in remarks quoted by Belgrade's B92 radio station and Tanjug news agency.
He acknowledged there were special relations between Republika Srpska and Serbia, but said the Muslim-Croat Federation could enjoy similar ties.
But Tadic's call for stronger regional cooperation is jeopardised by numerous unresolved disputes Serbia has with both Bosnia and Croatia dating back to the 1990s.
They include Belgrade's failure to lay its hands on fugitive Bosnian Serb wartime military chief Ratko Mladic, wanted for genocide by the international warcrimes court in The Hague over the massacre of some 8,000 Bosnian Muslims in 1995.
Zagreb for its part has taken Belgrade to the International Court of Justice over Serbia's role in Croatia's 1991-1995 independence war, alleging genocide.
In addition Croatia and other former members of the Yugoslav Federation, Montenegro and Macedonia, have angered Serbia by recognising the independence of its breakaway province of Kosovo.
The Balkans is not a region, but composed of "elements that are not related to each other," commented disillusioned Serbian university professor Predrag Simic in the Belgrade daily Blic.
"The only thing we have in common is our wish to join the European Union. That is why it is important to maintain the dynamics of rapprochement with the EU," Simic said.
"The only thing that is preventing us going back to the past is our common European future."
Serbia plans to apply for EU candidacy by the end of this year, hoping to join the 27-member bloc by 2014.
Croatia hopes to be in by 2011, while Bosnia's advancing along the long road to EU membership have been stalled by its political and ethnic tensions.
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Serbian President Boris Tadic is pictured in June 2009. Tadic's recent visit to the Serb-run part of Bosnia has shown the past still bedevils ties between Balkan neighbours 15 years after the end of their war, despite their shared aim of joining the European Union.
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