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Saturday, 25 June 2011 - Analysis: Mexican ex-presidents lead debate on legalizing drugs |
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    Edition: U.S. Article Comments (0) Full Focus Photos of the week Our top photos from the past week.  Full Article  Follow Reuters Facebook Twitter RSS YouTube Read Casey Anthony's brother says family mum on her pregnancy 2:41pm EDT Data points to underlying factory strength | 3:13pm EDT Loss of Libya oil bigger disruption than Katrina: IEA 9:28am EDT Sarkozy says Europeans "doing the work" in Libya | 9:55am EDT Oil dives to 4-month low as emergency stocks unleashed | 23 Jun 2011 Discussed 206 Biden deficit-cut talks hit impasse: Rep. Cantor 136 CBO sees government benefits swamping U.S. economy 67 Fragile economy pushed Obama to tap oil reserves Watched Hefner's revenge; Ryan Reynolds stops traffic Fri, Jun 17 2011 Airbus A380 damaged at Paris Air Show Mon, Jun 20 2011 Airbus' view of flying in the future Mon, Jun 13 2011 Analysis: Mexican ex-presidents lead debate on legalizing drugs Tweet Share this Email Print Related News Obama moves toward exit from Afghanistan Wed, Jun 22 2011 Mexico captures "La Familia" drug boss Tue, Jun 21 2011 Seven protesters killed in Syria during rallies Tue, Jun 21 2011 Miss California, a history buff, named Miss USA Mon, Jun 20 2011 Mexican teenage girls train as drug cartel killers Fri, Jun 17 2011 Analysis & Opinion War on drugs produced swollen prisons and little else Unemployment is the real price of war Related Topics World » United Nations » Mexico » Police officers stand at a crime scene in Monterrey June 23, 2011. Credit: Reuters/Tomas Bravo By Dave Graham MEXICO CITY | Fri Jun 24, 2011 12:27pm EDT MEXICO CITY (Reuters) - Once praised lavishly by the United States for waging a war on drugs, Mexico's last two presidents now say legalizing them may be the best way to end the rising violence the U.S.-backed campaign has unleashed. Ernesto Zedillo and Vicente Fox led efforts to crush drug trafficking gangs in Mexico between 1994 and 2006 but the rapid escalation of violence over the past four years under President Felipe Calderon has convinced them a change of tack is needed. "As a country, we are going through problems due to the fact that the United States consumes too many drugs," the 68-year-old Fox told business leaders in Texas last month. "I would recommend to legalize, de-penalize all drugs." Though public support for some legalization is growing on both sides of the border, resistance is firmly entrenched in the U.S. government and analysts say Mexico is very unlikely to liberalize its drug laws without Washington's approval. Calderon is stuck between a rock and a hard place. He has staked his reputation on breaking the cartels and is unlikely to press for radical change in what remains of his presidency but the death toll is surging and Zedillo, Fox and other former Latin American leaders are pressuring Mexico to consider opening up the market. Victims' families are adding to the clamor for change. Calderon has begun to soften the hard-line rhetoric that won him allies in Washington, stressing his readiness to discuss the merits of drug legalization. "I'm completely open to this debate. Not just on consumption, but also on movement and production," he told a meeting with victims' families in Mexico City on Thursday. But he added: "This issue goes beyond national borders. If there's no international agreement, it doesn't make sense." Since he sent the army to fight the cartels in late 2006, some 40,000 people have died. If the rate of killing persists, the total will surpass U.S. combat deaths in the Vietnam War by the time a new president is elected in mid-2012. The United States was still fighting in Vietnam when President Richard Nixon first declared a "war" against drug trafficking and consumption. Forty years on, more and more statesmen who have followed its course say the fight against the cartels cannot be won by force either. Zedillo was among the former Latin American leaders on the Global Commission on Drug Policy which this month concluded the drugs war had failed, urging Mexico and others to explore regulation as a means of weakening the criminal gangs. NEW RACKETS Calderon insists his strategy has weakened the cartels and that the capture of many prominent drug bosses has reduced the threat that organized crime posed to the state. But the violence has shocked many Mexicans and hit support for Calderon and his conservative National Action Party, or PAN. Polls suggest the PAN will be ousted at the presidential election in July, 2012 by the opposition Institutional Revolutionary Party, or PRI. The PRI has pilloried Calderon for the growing lawlessness, though it has yet to offer any radical alternative to defeating the drug gangs, whose interests during the crackdown have grown to encompass a host of new rackets. The expansion of criminal activity has even prompted those who back decriminalizing soft drugs -- such as Mexico's Green Party -- to question how much legalization would achieve. "Do you think the drug bosses will suddenly turn into normal businessmen? Of course not, they'll just turn to other sorts of crime like robbery, kidnapping and extortion," said Arturo Escobar, a member of the Greens in the Senate. Mexicans have long been skeptical about legalizing drugs but the country has decriminalized possession of small amounts of soft and hard drugs under Calderon, and sympathy for a more liberal tack has grown as the violence intensifies. A national survey in August 2010 by daily Reforma showed 32 percent of Mexicans in favor of legalizing personal use of marijuana. Barely two years earlier, in October 2008, support for legalization was just 7 percent, pollster Parametria said. Support in the United States now stands at 46 percent, according to a Gallup poll published on October 28. Yet despite support from some libertarians, a recent shift to the right in U.S. politics has made it tough to sell the idea before a 2012 presidential vote in both countries. "If Mexico legalized, the U.S. Congress would use every piece of pressure it has to oppose them," said Rodolfo de la Garza, a political scientist at Columbia University. "We will hit them economically. We will start messing with NAFTA. We will hammer them on migrants. Much more than we are already." Drug demand is driven by the United States, and Fox this month stepped up calls for legalization, arguing that Washington's $1.4 billion in drug war aid was nothing but a "tip" in compensation for Mexico's losses in the war. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime says the global drugs trade is worth hundreds of billions of dollars and in 2009 a top official at the agency said traffickers' cash had helped prop up the banks during the financial crisis. Legalizing drugs would generate some $88 billion a year in savings and tax revenue for U.S. federal and state governments, according to Harvard University economist Jeffrey Miron. As long as public budgets remained stretched, pressure is likely to grow on governments to regulate the market, said Daniel Okrent, the author of "Last Call - The Rise and Fall of Prohibition," a study of the era of U.S. alcohol prohibition. "Prohibition ended because of The Depression. The federal government was in desperate need for cash and the country needed jobs," said Okrent. "This and the unwillingness to pay taxes is one of the reasons why there will be legalization." (Editing by Kieran Murray) World United Nations Mexico Tweet this Link this Share this Digg this Email Reprints   We welcome comments that advance the story through relevant opinion, anecdotes, links and data. If you see a comment that you believe is irrelevant or inappropriate, you can flag it to our editors by using the report abuse links. Views expressed in the comments do not represent those of Reuters. For more information on our comment policy, see http://blogs.reuters.com/fulldisclosure/2010/09/27/toward-a-more-thoughtful-conversation-on-stories/ Comments (0) Be the first to comment on reuters.com. Add yours using the box above. Social Stream (What's this?) © Copyright 2011 Thomson Reuters Editorial Editions: Africa Arabic Argentina Brazil Canada China France Germany India Italy Japan Latin America Mexico Russia Spain United Kingdom United States Reuters Contact Us Advertise With Us Help Journalism Handbook Archive Site Index Video Index Reader Feedback   Mobile Newsletters RSS Podcasts Widgets Your View Analyst Research Thomson Reuters Copyright Disclaimer Privacy Professional Products Professional Products Support Financial Products About Thomson Reuters Careers Online Products Acquisitions Monthly Buyouts Venture Capital Journal International Financing Review Project Finance International PEhub.com PE Week FindLaw Super Lawyers Attorney Rating Service Reuters on Facebook Thomson Reuters is the world's largest international multimedia news agency, providing investing news, world news, business news, technology news, headline news, small business news, news alerts, personal finance, stock market, and mutual funds information available on Reuters.com, video, mobile, and interactive television platforms. Thomson Reuters journalists are subject to an Editorial Handbook which requires fair presentation and disclosure of relevant interests. NYSE and AMEX quotes delayed by at least 20 minutes. Nasdaq delayed by at least 15 minutes. For a complete list of exchanges and delays, please click here.

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