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Edition: U.S. Article Comments (1) Slideshow Video Follow Reuters Facebook Twitter RSS YouTube Read Hackers attack another Sony network, post data 02 Jun 2011 U.S. teenager mistakenly killed by Costa Rica hotel guard 12:05am EDT Hackers attack another Sony network and post data 3:17am EDT Anthony insisted nanny took girl, even after admitting lies 02 Jun 2011 The real deal? Groupon files for public offering | 02 Jun 2011 Discussed 73 150 economists back U.S. Republicans in debt fight 53 Air France jet crashed nose-up after 4 minute ordeal 43 Romney charges that Obama has ”failed America” Watched Scientists revive ancient spider in stunning 3D detail Tue, May 24 2011 Massive Australian waterspout caught on film Mon, May 30 2011 Facing a cyber threat 1:03am EDT Deadly E. coli mixes common toxin with rare "glue" Tweet Share this Email Print Factbox Facts about Europe's E. coli outbreak Thu, Jun 2 2011 Related News Germany says may help Spain's farmers over E.coli Thu, Jun 2 2011 Russia bans EU vegetables over E.coli, EU protests Thu, Jun 2 2011 Analysis & Opinion Is Ireland the same as Greece? Guestview: How Catholic should a Catholic charity be? Related Topics World » Health » Related Video Russia bans EU veg over E.coli scare 1:11am EDT 1 / 6 An employee of Czech center of national reference laboratories prepares samples of vegetables for molecular testing on EHEC bacteria (bacterium Escherichia coli.) in Brno June 1, 2011. Credit: Reuters/David W Cerny By Julie Steenhuysen CHICAGO | Fri Jun 3, 2011 1:55am EDT CHICAGO (Reuters) - Scientists probing the deadly E. coli strain in Europe are finding the bacteria combines a highly poisonous but common toxin with a rarely seen "glue" that binds it to a patient's intestines. It may take months for the global team of researchers to fully understand the characteristics of the bacteria that has killed at least 17 people in Europe and sickened 1,500. But they fear this E. coli strain is the most toxic yet to hit a human population. Most Escherichia coli, or E. coli, bacteria are harmless. The strain that is sickening people in Germany and other parts of Europe, known as 0104:H4, is part of a class of bacteria known as Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, or STEC. This class has the ability to stick to intestinal walls where it pumps out toxins, causing diarrhea and vomiting. In severe cases, it causes hemolytic uremic syndrome, or HUS, attacking the kidneys and causing coma, seizure and stroke. "Germany is now reporting 470 cases of HUS. That is absolutely extraordinary," Dr. Robert Tauxe, a foodborne diseases expert at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, told Reuters. The CDC has been working with German health authorities on the case since late last week. "That is 10 times more than the largest outbreak in this country," he said, referring to a 1993 outbreak involving fast-food hamburgers that sickened more than 700 people and killed four. In that outbreak, there were 44 cases of HUS. Asked if this was the world's deadliest E. coli outbreak yet, Tauxe said: "I believe it is." He said a strain very similar to the German strain had been seen in Korea in the 1990s, but is very rare. Remarkably, the German strain appears to combine the toxin found in the most common type of STEC bacteria in the United States, known as E. coli O157:H7, with an unusual binding agent. Tauxe said that "glue" is typically only found in children in the developing world. "The glue that this bug is using is not the same glue that is E. coli 0157 or most other STEC bacteria," he said. "It's this combination from the glue from another kind of E. coli and the shiga toxin that makes this an unusual strain," he said. The U.N. World Health Organization has confirmed that the strain "has never been isolated from patients before," and said the bacteria had likely acquired some extra genes that may make it especially deadly. SOURCE UNKNOWN The source of the outbreak is unknown, but scientists say it is highly likely to have originated in contaminated vegetables or salad in Germany. E. coli infections are spread by consuming even minuscule particles of feces of infected animals or humans, often via contaminated food or water. Tauxe said the CDC has notified public health officials in all U.S. states to be on the lookout for the infections. So far, three U.S. adults have developed HUS after having traveled to northern Germany, the CDC said late on Thursday. The CDC also said the Pentagon has been notified about the outbreak because of the presence of U.S. military bases in Germany but added that there are no known cases among U.S. military personnel. U.S. health officials have not confirmed that the infections match the German strain, but Tauxe said it is very likely they are part of the same outbreak and more tests are being done to see if the infections have the same fingerprint. He would not release the individuals' names or say where they lived. Scientists at the Beijing Genomics Institute in Shenzhen city in southern China, who have sequenced the genome of the strain, also noted that the strain is highly resistant to several classes of antibiotics. Tauxe said it is not clear how the bacteria became so resistant because antibiotics are not recommended as a treatment for E. coli. He said there is no evidence that antibiotics help, and they could make things worse. "It is curious to us that it is so resistant," he said. Dr. Phillip Tarr, a professor of microbiology at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, said E. coli mutate all of the time and it may take months before scientists can fully understand the scientific characteristics of this strain. "This is almost certainly something that cannot be sorted out in any rapid sequence," he said. (Additional reporting by Ee Lyn Tan in Hong Kong and Kate Kelland in London; Editing by Michele Gershberg and Cynthia Osterman) World Health Tweet this Link this Share this Digg this Email Reprints We welcome comments that advance the story directly or with relevant tangential information. We try to block comments that use offensive language, all capital letters or appear to be spam, and we review comments frequently to ensure they meet our standards. If you see a comment that you believe is irrelevant or inappropriate, you can flag it to our editors by using the report abuse links. Views expressed in the comments do not represent those of Reuters. Comments (1) RudyHaugeneder wrote: History repeating itself? Rare E. Coli strain(s) in vegetables and fruit threaten health, say scientists. These so-called mutated strains are probably older than modern science and are likely a return of the horrible and lethal bacterial food poisoning that dates back centuries and until the middle of the last century when refrigeration and crop safety were discovered and — until now — kept E. Coli in check. Take New York in 1869 for example, when its council of hygiene said food sold in shops underwent “spontaneous deterioration . . . becoming absolutely poisonous.” Sound like an E. Coli attack that killed or made ill thousands of people? Jun 03, 2011 2:41am EDT -- Report as abuse See All Comments » Add Your Comment Social Stream (What's this?) © Copyright 2011 Thomson Reuters Editorial Editions: Africa Arabic Argentina Brazil Canada China France Germany India Italy Japan Latin America Mexico Russia Spain United Kingdom United States Reuters Contact Us Advertise With Us Help Journalism Handbook Archive Site Index Video Index Reader Feedback Mobile Newsletters RSS Podcasts Widgets Your View Analyst Research Thomson Reuters Copyright Disclaimer Privacy Professional Products Professional Products Support Financial Products About Thomson Reuters Careers Online Products Acquisitions Monthly Buyouts Venture Capital Journal International Financing Review Project Finance International PEhub.com PE Week FindLaw Super Lawyers Attorney Rating Service Reuters on Facebook Thomson Reuters is the world's largest international multimedia news agency, providing investing news, world news, business news, technology news, headline news, small business news, news alerts, personal finance, stock market, and mutual funds information available on Reuters.com, video, mobile, and interactive television platforms. 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