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Displaced Iraqis stay away as violence persists
Mon May 11, 2009 8:44pm EDT
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By Aseel Kami
SULAIMANIYA, Iraq (Reuters) - In summer, the heat is unbearable. In winter, the torrential rains turn the cramped, leaking tent where Khalid Jamhuri lives with his family into a freezing morass of mud.
Still, Jamhuri is unwilling to leave this refugee camp in the semi-autonomous, northern Kurdistan region and return to the Sunni Arab area of Baghdad where Shi'ite militiamen killed his parents, brother and cousin in 2006.
"Some days I make enough to bring home food to eat. Some days I don't," said the slender 19-year-old, who now looks for construction work to support his wife, brother and new baby.
Jamhuri is one of the 3.8 million Iraqis who, prompted by six years of sectarian killing, packed up their belongings and fled to safety. About 1.8 million of them fled to different parts of Iraq and the rest left the country, mostly to Syria and Jordan.
Resettling displaced Iraqis promises to be a major challenge toward achieving reconciliation and averting renewed violence.
It is also key to getting a sluggish economy going and attracting foreign investment that has proven so elusive for Iraq, which has vast oil resources but little real industry outside that underproducing sector.
"This (resettling refugees) will encourage foreign investors," said Iraqi analyst Hazim al-Nuami, adding that investors see a troubling signal in the fact that most refugees have not returned home.
Very few have returned, a sign of widespread wariness in a country still rocked by violence and where the threat of renewed sectarian war lurks just under the surface.
Only 195,000 internally displaced Iraqis came back to their homes by the end of 2008, the United Nations said, but officials hope that figure could reach 400,000 by the end of this year if the security situation improves in Iraq.
That's far from guaranteed. A relative lull in violence ended with a rash of bloody suicide bombings across Iraq in recent weeks, bringing the monthly civilian death toll to 290, the highest since last November.
Many fear security will deteriorate when U.S. combat troops pull out of Iraqi cities in June, ahead of a full U.S. withdrawal by 2012, and before national polls due late this year.
GOING HOME
The recent attacks, which mainly targeted Shi'ites, have made some refugees reconsider the decision to return home.
"We don't want to be hasty. We'll see what the coming months bring," said Afyaa Shaker, who fled to Egypt in 2006.
Jabbar Mohammed Ali, a displacement and migration official in Sulaimaniya, said only 3 or 4 percent of the 8,500 displaced families registered with his office have returned home. Continued...
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