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Merkel hails East German bravery 20 years after Wall
Mon Nov 9, 2009 10:30am EST
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By Dave Graham
BERLIN (Reuters) - Chancellor Angela Merkel hailed the courage of East Germans who helped topple the Berlin Wall as leaders converged on the German capital to celebrate the 20th anniversary of an event which marked the end of the Cold War.
Images of the historic night when East Berliners trapped behind the 3.6 meter (12 feet) high concrete barrier rushed checkpoints to force it open, have dominated German television and newspaper coverage for the past week.
Merkel, the first German leader to have grown up in the communist GDR, is hosting dozens of world leaders to commemorate the Wall's fall, which brought about the unification of Germany and hastened the demise of the Soviet Union.
"The night of November 9, 1989 was the fulfillment of a dream," Merkel said in a speech in Berlin. "Many played a role. But it would not have been possible without the courage of the people in the former East Germany."
As part of Monday's celebrations, 1,000 giant painted dominoes have been set up along a 1.5 km (0.9 mile) stretch of the Wall's original path next to the Brandenburg Gate.
They will be toppled on Monday evening in the presence of visiting leaders from Britain, France and Russia, in a symbolic re-enactment of the day 20 years ago that shook the world.
Backed by the Soviet Union, the East German government began erecting its "anti-fascist protection barrier" in the early hours of August 13, 1961 to end a mass flight of its citizens into capitalist West Berlin.
Initially a make-shift fence of barbed wire, it was gradually built up into an imposing barrier that encircled the three western sectors of the city and was patrolled by border guards who were ordered to shoot anyone who tried to escape.
According to a study published this year, at least 136 people were killed at the Berlin Wall between 1961 and 1989 while trying to flee.
Thousands of others managed to evade the minefields, guard dogs and watchtowers, using schemes including tunnels, aerial wires and hidden compartments in cars to make it to the West.
SCHABOWSKI NEWS CONFERENCE
The Wall fell after Politburo spokesman Guenter Schabowski told a news conference that East German citizens could leave through border crossings, effective immediately.
He was unaware the decision was not supposed to be announced until 4 a.m. the next morning. Watched by thousands on television, it prompted a rush to the border that unprepared, overwhelmed eastern guards were unable to contain.
Thousands of tourists have poured into Berlin to mark the event.
British Prime Minister Gordon Brown, French President Nicolas Sarkozy, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev and U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton -- representing the World War Two allies -- are also in town. Continued...
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