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Japan keeps Fukushima shutdown target despite setbacks
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By Shinichi Saoshiro and Kiyoshi Takenaka
TOKYO (Reuters) - Japan on Tuesday will unveil new plans to contain the crisis at a crippled nuclear plant after admitting it faced more serious challenges than first disclosed, but was expected to stick to...
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The interior of the reactor building of unit 1 at Tokyo Electric Power (TEPCO) Co.'s Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station in Fukushima prefecture is seen in this handout picture taken on May 9, 2011 released May 14, 2011.
Credit: Reuters/Tokyo Electric Power Co/Handout
By Shinichi Saoshiro and Kiyoshi Takenaka
TOKYO |
Tue May 17, 2011 3:33am EDT
TOKYO (Reuters) - Japan on Tuesday will unveil new plans to contain the crisis at a crippled nuclear plant after admitting it faced more serious challenges than first disclosed, but was expected to stick to a timetable for bringing the reactors under control by January.
More than two months after the worst nuclear disaster since Chernobyl, officials say the risk of another explosion at the Fukushima plant has declined but each step toward taking control has been matched by new setbacks. The crisis has also prompted a blank-slate review of Japan's national energy policy.
Tuesday's update comes just over a month since Tokyo Electric Power Co. (TEPCO) provided a rough timetable for its efforts to shut down the three unstable reactors and complete initial steps to limit the release of further radiation from the Fukushima plant 240 km (150 miles) northeast of Tokyo.
Prime Minister Naoto Kan has said the timetable would be unchanged and other officials have sketched out the new methods which would in particular focus on how to clean up the large amount of water contaminated by radiation.
The timetable for taking control of the Fukushima Daiichi crisis has been politically charged and faced skepticism from the start.
Kan's government has been under fire for its response to the magnitude 9.0 earthquake and the massive tsunami that followed. Almost 25,000 people are dead or missing, while almost 116,000 remain displaced and living in shelters.
A string of new details about the state of the plant released in the past week by the facility's embattled operator have made it clear that the reactors suffered far more serious damage than previously disclosed.
Uranium fuel rods in the reactors - Nos. 1, 2 and 3 - were uncovered for between six to 14 hours after the quake, rapidly heated and melted to the bottom of the steel pressure vessel intended to contain the fuel, officials now say.
In the case of the No. 1 reactor, the molten uranium appears to have leaked out of the vessel, scattering high-level radiation through the plant when emergency cooling operations resumed.
In addition, the uranium fuel in the No. 3 reactor has not responded to stepped-up efforts to cool its temperature below the boiling point for water.
Another concern is that the No. 4 reactor, which was out of service at the time of the quake, was so badly damaged by a hydrogen explosion that workers will have to shore it up with new steel beams and concrete to keep it from collapse.
But the biggest setback has come from the growing pool of radioactive water at the Fukushima site.
Because the reactors were damaged by the quake, the explosions and the core meltdowns, they are leaking most of the water being pumped in to keep them cool.
"VICTIMS OF NATIONAL POLICY"
Most of that radioactive water has pooled in buildings and trenches at the complex, but outside experts have raised concern it could still spill into the groundwater and the nearby Pacific.
More than 90,000 tonnes of radioactive water - enough to fill 36 Olympic-sized swimming pools - has collected at Fukushima.
A major focus of the revised plan of attack to be announced on Tuesday evening will be steps to deal with that contaminated water. These will include using a massive barge as a temporary dump for low-level waste and running a complicated new system to clean and reinject the water into the reactors.
Despite the problems, Kan and other officials have said they will stick to the timetable announced in April by TEPCO. The government will set out its own action plan to help evacuees and safeguard worker health at Fukushima.
"The most important work is to cool the reactors with water and that is working," Goshi Hosono, a special advisor to Kan on nuclear power, said on Thursday evening.
The ongoing nuclear crisis has proved to be a source of growing public frustration.
The government, in an apparent effort to address those concerns, was set to designate the nuclear disaster victims as "victims of national policy," NHK public broadcaster said, a reference to Japan's decades-old push to put nuclear power at the heart of its energy policy.
Almost 80,000 people have had to evacuate their homes near the Fukushima plant because of the health risk.
Farmers south of Tokyo in Kanagawa have been forced to destroy an early tea crop because of risky levels of cesium.
Last week, government workers began to kill an estimated 1,500 cows and pigs in the 20-km "no-go" zone around Fukushima. Burning the bodies could spread radiation, so they are being covered with blue tarps and lime and left to decay, officials say.
Bringing the reactors to a state of "cold shutdown," where the uranium fuel at the core is no longer capable of boiling off the water being injected as a coolant, would allow officials to turn to the challenge of cleaning up the site and eventually removing the fuel from the six scrapped reactors. That process could take more than a decade.
In the wake of the accident, Kan has promised a complete review of Japan's energy policy, which had aimed to derive half of its power from nuclear plants by 2030.
The government has announced a plan to help TEPCO pay victims of the crisis with the help of a fund that would draw money from other utilities and taxpayers. The plan must be approved by parliament, where opposition parties that control the upper house have already raised questions.
As part of its own timetable, the government will pledge to build 24,000 temporary homes for Fukushima evacuees and begin a new system of health screening for nearby residents, Japanese media reported.
(Reporting by Kiyoshi Takenaka and Shinichi Saoshiro, writing by Kevin Krolicki; Editing by Linda Sieg and Jonathan Thatcher)
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