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Related Topics World » Argentina » Brazil » By Ana Flor BRASILIA | Tue May 15, 2012 3:58am EDT BRASILIA (Reuters) - Brazil escalated a growing trade fight with Argentina on Monday by throwing up extra bureaucratic obstacles to import certain perishable products, a senior government official told Reuters, imperiling its involvement in a major regional trade group. The senior Brazilian government official, who spoke on condition of anonymity, said it would now be harder to import about 10 perishable products, including apples, raisins, potatoes, wheat flour and wine. While trade disputes between the two members of the Mercosur trade group are relatively frequent, the latest confrontation will raise fears of growing protectionism in South America and put the countries' trade, worth $39.6 billion in 2011, at risk. "We have been heading towards this confrontation," said Pedro de Camargo Neto, head of Brazil's Association of Pork Exporters in Sao Paulo. "Exports were practically blocked, there was no negotiation." In February, Argentina expanded import licenses and reviews for all imports. In April, average daily exports from Brazil dropped 27 percent compared to a year earlier. The dispute is becoming the biggest crisis to face Mercosur, the customs union and trade group comprising Brazil, Argentina Uruguay and Paraguay, since it was founded 21 years ago. "I don't know what Argentina will do," Camargo Neto said. "I believe Brazil will have to reconsider Mercosur." Under Mercosur accords, nearly all trade is supposed to pass freely between member countries. Argentina, which has also told local companies import licenses may be denied if they don't "balance" them with equivalent exports, says it is facing a destabilizing flood of imports. Imports and capital flows have undermined President Cristina Fernandez's efforts to expand government control of the Argentine economy. Brazil had a $5.8 billion surplus with Argentina in 2011, or an average excess of exports over imports of $484 million a month. The Argentine measures have helped cut that by a third to $328 million a month in the first three months of 2012. BRAZIL WEAKENS CURRENCY While Brazil may be concerned by Argentina's actions, it has been tightening its own defenses against imports. Blaming the United States, Europe and China for artificially keeping exchange rates low and slashing interest rates, it has moved to weaken its own currency to promote exports. On Monday, Brazil's real weakened to 2.00 against the dollar for the first time in 34 months. Brazil has also raised taxes on automakers who don't meet minimum local content rules for their vehicles as well as beefing up inspections on Chinese manufacturers. The real's decline of more than 6 percent against the dollar in 2012 is one of the steepest among the more than 150 currencies tracked by Reuters. Brazil's Finance Minister Guido Mantega has called the trade and exchange rate moves "a currency war". "We are not concerned about the real weakening," he said on Monday. "This will help slow imports and promote exports." The latest Brazilian decision will end automatic import licensing for about 10 perishable products, including some cheeses, the government official said. The Brazilian official said the measures would not affect the supply of food in Brazil, even though Argentina is one of its main suppliers of wheat. While the Brazil licensing change applies to all countries, the source said, neighboring Argentina is a major producer of the targeted imports. Inspectors have up to 60 days to consider license applications, raising the risk that cargoes will be left to rot at the border before winning permission to enter. When Brazil's cancellation of automatic licensing for car imports in May 2011 is included, about 70 percent of Argentine exports to Brazil now require a license that can take up to 60 days to receive, the Brazilian government official said. Argentina has increased import-licensing requirements on imports from Brazil and other countries, hoping to protect local manufacturers, keep its currency from weakening against the dollar, and maintain stocks of foreign exchange. Brazil is not alone in its concerns. Argentina's measures led to attacks on its policies at the World Trade Organization (WTO) by the United States, the European Union and Japan in April. The EU plans to file a formal WTO complaint, Reuters reported on Monday, citing Spanish government officials. The trade tensions with Argentina have been exacerbated by the government's decision to nationalize YPF, the local subsidiary of Spain's Repsol. The Brazilian licensing decision was made jointly by Brazil's development and trade ministries and foreign office, the government source said. A spokesperson for the trade ministry declined to comment. (Reporting by Ana Flor; Additional reporting by Jeb Blount in Rio de Janeiro and Esteban Israel in Sao Paulo; Editing by Paul Tait and Andrew Osborn) World Argentina Brazil Related Quotes and News Company Price Related News Tweet this Link this Share this Digg this Email Reprints We welcome comments that advance the story through relevant opinion, anecdotes, links and data. If you see a comment that you believe is irrelevant or inappropriate, you can flag it to our editors by using the report abuse links. Views expressed in the comments do not represent those of Reuters. For more information on our comment policy, see http://blogs.reuters.com/fulldisclosure/2010/09/27/toward-a-more-thoughtful-conversation-on-stories/ Comments (0) Be the first to comment on reuters.com. 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