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New clouds form over UN climate strategy
AFP - 1 hour 47 minutes ago
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A UN conference on Saturday rammed through a battle plan against climate change forged by US President Barack Obama and other top leaders, sidelining smaller states which lashed the deal as betrayal. After toxic exchanges, the summit chair forced through a deal using an unusual procedural tool that effectively dropped all obstacles to the new-born Copenhagen Accord. Duration: 01:56
BONN (AFP) - – Rich and poor nations squabbled here on Sunday over the controversial Copenhagen climate accord amid warnings the battered UN system could not afford another failure in its quest to tackle global warming.
As countries struggled to rebuild trust after the stormy summit in Copenhagen last December, UN climate pointman Yvo de Boer said the key to the worldwide process lay with a November 29-December 10 meeting in Cancun, Mexico.
Cancun had to yield a "functioning architecture" on big questions, including curbs on carbon emissions and aid for poor countries, said de Boer, executive secretary of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
"We reached an agreement in Bali (in 2007) that we would conclude negotiations two years later in Copenhagen, and we didn't," he said in an interview with AFP.
"The finishing line has now been moved to Cancun, and I wouldn't be surprised if the final finishing line in terms of a legally binding treaty ends up being moved to South Africa," at the end of 2011.
"Copenhagen was the last get-out-of-jail-free card and we cannot afford another failure in Cancun," de Boer said.
"I think if we see another failure in Cancun, that will cause a serious loss of confidence in the ability of this process to deliver."
But a three-day round of talks in Bonn, culminating Sunday, exposed a rift between developed and developing countries over whether to pursue or quietly bury Copenhagen's main outcome.
Far from being the glittering triumph envisaged in Bali, Indonesia in 2007, the summit ended rancorously and with a deal lashed by many as lamentably threadbare.
The main achievement was the "Copenhagen Accord", brokered by a couple of dozen countries, which set the goal of limiting warming to two degrees Celsius (3.6 degrees Fahrenheit), earmarked some 30 billion dollars in fast-track aids from 2010 to 2012 and sketched a target of mustering 100 billion dollars annually by 2020.
But the agreement, crafted late at night in order to stave off a fiasco, failed to gain the endorsement of a 194-nation plenary. Around two-thirds of UNFCCC members have now signed up to the document.
Some of the faultlines in Copenhagen opened up again in Bonn over how far -- or even whether -- to incorporate the controversial accord in a blueprint for negotiation.
The United States and the European Union led the charge on Sunday to uphold the future of the Accord, arguing it was a platform for further action.
They said it should be included in a negotiation draft for the next UNFCCC meeting in May and June.
"We need a different paradigm and that's what emerges from Copenhagen," said top US delegate Jonathan Pershing to journalists.
He warned that countries which boycotted the Copenhagen Accord could not expect unfettered access to its fast-track aid.
"It's not a free-rider process.... We would certainly anticipate that countries that are not parties of the accord would not be given substantial funding under the accord," he said.
Other countries were not keen about incorporating the Copenhagen Accord in the negotiating blueprint, reflecting concern about the document's purely voluntary emissions pledges and the way the deal was brokered among a select group.
Left-led nations in the Caribbean and Latin America have attacked the Accord as undemocratic and a betrayal of UN principles.
They called for negotiations to resume on the basis of a draft that was put on hold halfway through the Copenhagen meeting, delegates said.
Underpinning the UN talks is mounting evidence that manmade greenhouse gases -- mainly carbon emissions from burning fossil fuels -- are trapping solar heat in the atmosphere.
Within decades, changes to Earth's weather system could spell misery for many millions, hit by worsening drought, flood, rising sea levels and storms, say experts.
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