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Obama To Attend Copenhagen Climate Summit; China Unveils Emissions Target
November 26, 2009 2:43 p.m. EST
Topics: Environment, Politics, United States
Kris Alingod - AHN Contributor
Washington, D.C. (AHN) - The White House has announced that President Barack Obama will attend the United Nations Climate Conference next month to push for a binding agreement on emissions targets. The summit will be key to replacing the Kyoto Protocol and future climate legislation in developing nations. The European Union has criticized Obama's one-day visit.
The President will attend the third day of the Dec. 7-18 conference in Denmark, where he will commit to an emissions target in the range of 17 percent below 2005 in 2020, a reduction that is equivalent to the proposed cut in a climate measure passed by the House, the Waxman-Markey bill, but lower than that of the Kerry-Boxer bill in the Senate.
The U.S. commitment seeks a long-term reduction of emissions by 83 percent by 2050. This final goal would call for a 30 percent cut in 2025, and 42 percent five years later.
Obama's decision was announced a week after U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change Executive Secretary Yvo de Boer said his attendance in the conference "would make a huge difference," and at the same time China made a specific pledge to cut back emissions by 40 to 45 percent by 2020.
The United States and China, the two largest emitters of greenhouse gases in the world, have been at odds over how to reduce emissions.
The United States adopted a 2°C global warming limit as part of a Group of Eight agreement in July. That G8 summit in Italy also yielded "unprecedented commitments" from the 16-member Major Economies Forum and other developing nations on the goal of reducing greenhouse emissions by half by 2050.
The emissions target includes an 80 percent reduction by industrialized nations, a concession China and India had refused to accept.
World leaders have been discussing a new framework in the last couple of years to replace the Kyoto protocol, which expires in 2012. The 1997 Protocol required 37 industrialized nations to reduce emissions from 2008 to 2012 by an average of 5 percent against 1990 levels.
Earlier this month, final negotiations on a new treaty were held in Barcelona, Spain in preparation for the Copenhagen summit. No breakthrough was reached, and conservationists had criticized rich nations for "lowering expectations" of the conference.
Last week, the host of the summit, Danish Prime Minister Lars Løkke Rasmusen, proposed to "focus on what is possible" by working on a binding political agreement instead of a comprehensive treaty. He described a text of five to eight pages that would not be a "political declaration with niceties," but an ambitious and binding commitment to reducing emissions.
Rasmussen had assured global counterparts during his APEC remarks that the agreement he was proposing would not be a "half a deal."
But De Boer said in a press conference on Wednesday, "The stakes are too high for any country to be focusing on national agendas... There is no Plan B for failure at Copenhagen only Plan A, and A stands for action."
Obama's decision to travel to Copenhagen has been criticized by Europe, as well as the top Republican in the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee.
Swedish Environment Minister and European Union President Andreas Carlgren complained about Obama's one-day visit.
"The fact that President Obama will be coming to Copenhagen raises expectations, but I have been expecting him to participate at the meeting of heads of state and government at the end of COP15," he said.
"I regret that the level of emissions reductions up to 2020 is not higher, as previous estimates indicate that it is possible for the USA to do more," Carlgren added, referring to the White House offer of a 17 percent cut by 2020.
And Sen. James Inhofe (R-OK), who believes global warming is a hoax and who was chairman of the Environment panel under the Bush administration, said in a statement, "I suspect President Obama is making the trip to Copenhagen in order to 'save' the climate conference," Sen. Inhofe said. "Yet no amount of lofty rhetoric or promises of future commitments can save it."
"It's clear that China, India, and the developing world, which will soon be responsible for the vast bulk of greenhouse gas emissions, will not accept mandatory cuts in emissions-despite entreaties from President Obama," Inhofe added.
However, House Energy and Commerce Committee Chairman Henry Waxman (D-CA), the main author of the climate bill the House passed in June, welcomed it, saying, "U.S.leadership has been the missing piece in international efforts to stop global warming. Now the rest of the pieces will start falling into place internationally and in Congress."
The White House has released statements from energy industry executives hailing the President's decision to attend Copenhagen.
"We commend the president for his efforts and leadership as the world strives for agreement on reducing greenhouse gases," said Lew Hay, chairman and CEO of Florida Power & Light. "The U.S. energy sector is ready to lead the world into a low-carbon future, but we need the right price signals to point the way."
Added Jim Rogers, CEO of Duke Energy, "[Obama's] presence will help ensure a successful outcome at the global climate talks, driving new investment, strengthening our global economic recovery, and moving us forward in building a productive, competitive economy here at home. The rules that Congress is developing will complement Copenhagen's global road map, supporting our business objectives to provide clean, efficient, affordable, and reliable energy to our customers."
The Senate Environment and Public Works Committee passed a climate change bill earlier this month that aims for a 20 percent reduction by 2020 from 2005 levels, and 80 percent by 2050. The reductions will be done through a cap-and-trade system that will allow companies to buy and sell vouchers according to whether they want to pay for the right to keep polluting or gain the incentive for reducing emissions.
The cap-and trade system of the Kerry-Boxer bill exempts all farmers and 98 percent of businesses, covering only the largest emitters in the nation which initially will be about 7,500 facilities that account for three?quarters of nationwide carbon pollution.
The Waxman-Markey bill, on the other hand, requires most companies to buy carbon permits from the federal government. It seeks to reduce emissions by 17 percent in 2020, by 42 percent in 2030, and by 83 percent in 2050.The measure was passed by the House Energy and Commerce Committee in May by a vote of 33-25. The full House approved the measure a month later by a narrow 219-212 vote.
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