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When AK-47s meet mobile phones: Syria's web activists
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When AK-47s meet mobile phones: Syria's web activists
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By Yara Bayoumy
BEIRUT (Reuters) - In Tunisia and Egypt, "Facebook" vied with "Down with the regime" on graffiti-filled walls -- so central were social media to mobilizing mass protests that overthrew their authoritarian rulers.
But in...
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This still image from amateur video shows a mourner waving a flag amongst the crowds taking part in the funerals of protesters killed in earlier clashes in Deraa March 25, 2011.
Credit: Reuters/Amateur Video via Reuters TV
By Yara Bayoumy
BEIRUT |
Thu Apr 14, 2011 1:48pm EDT
BEIRUT (Reuters) - In Tunisia and Egypt, "Facebook" vied with "Down with the regime" on graffiti-filled walls -- so central were social media to mobilizing mass protests that overthrew their authoritarian rulers.
But in tightly-controlled Syria, with a pervasive security apparatus, Internet penetration of less than 20 percent and heavy restrictions on foreign media, cyber activists are mostly using the web just to illustrate the extent of unrest.
"What we saw in Egypt and Tunisia was huge online activism turning offline (onto the streets)," said Wissam Tarif, a human rights activist who has been closely following the protests against President Bashar al-Assad's rule.
"In Syria, online cyber activity is reporting what is happening offline," he told Reuters from Syria.
A Syrian activist who goes by the name Abu Adnan coordinates a network of like-minded 'citizen journalists' across the country who film protests that, more often than not, end in a crackdown by security forces, according to witnesses.
Their mobile phones may be no match for an AK-47 assault rifle, but they have trained the world's eyes on usually hidden corners of one of the Middle East's most secretive countries.
Authorities blame "armed groups" for the violence.
Abu Adnan said there were many people who were eager to film protests and clashes but did not have the experience or resources to do so. They were also fearful of a state that routinely monitors users' web activity.
Using his connections with the media and organizations that promote citizen journalism, Abu Adnan set up fellow activists with secure connections, satellite telephones, smartphones and cameras.
"Four friends of mine died. One was in Douma (a Damascus suburb), filming with me. A sniper on rooftop chose him. He could have chosen me. One was executed after he refused to stop on his motorcycle. One was arrested and released dead and one was shot in Deraa," Abu Adnan told Reuters from Syria.
"The state media are fabricating what is happening in Syria and if I can help these guys show what is happening, then I should. If I don't use my connections (with the media) now, then there's no use to them."
"THERE COULD HAVE BEEN A MASSACRE"
Nearly a month into demonstrations that have posed the most serious challenge to Assad's 11-year rule, it is not yet clear whether increasing violence against protesters will eventually force them to stay home or incense them further.
For Abu Adnan, one particularly bloody confrontation two weeks ago was a turning point, convincing him it was better to record the demonstrations than try to instigate them.
"We organized one protest in Douma and there were 11 martyrs. So we decided to stay away from organizing protests and instead focus on covering the events," he told Reuters.
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