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Edition: U.S. Article Comments (0) Email Print Reprints Read Travel Picks: Top 10 sexiest buildings 24 Sep 2010 Japan PM refuses to apologize in China row 3:25am EDT Verizon to End the Unlimited Data Party 24 Sep 2010 Special report: BRIC breaking: Brazil's China syndrome 24 Sep 2010 U.S. Nuclear Weapons Have Been Compromised by Unidentified Aerial Objects PR Newswire 15 Sep 2010 Shared Earth's Magnetic Field Flipped Superfast 02 Sep 2010 Talking to death: texts, phones kill 16,000: study 23 Sep 2010 Diabetes risk may fall as magnesium intake climbs 24 Sep 2010 Ratings, merger force exit of NBC Universal and CNN execs 24 Sep 2010 Tropical depression Matthew drenches Guatemala 25 Sep 2010 Watched Destination Kashmir Sat, Sep 25 2010 US walks out on Ahmadinejad speech Thu, Sep 23 2010 NASA unveils latest mars rover Tue, Sep 21 2010 China offers hope of easing one-child policy Tweet This Share on LinkedIn Share on Facebook Factbox Factbox: Ties and tensions between China and the U.S. Thu, Sep 16 2010 Related Topics World » China » China Labor Unrest » United Nations » By Phyllis Xu and Lucy Hornby BEIJING | Sun Sep 26, 2010 1:03am EDT BEIJING (Reuters) - China marked the 30th anniversary of its controversial one-child policy with talk of relaxing rules, at least in some provinces, that have reined in population growth but caused heartache for millions of couples. With a population expected to peak at 1.65 billion in 2033, China has been cautious about dropping an unpopular policy that was originally supposed to last one generation. Central planners say the one-child policy has spared China from the pressures of hundreds of millions of additional people that would have strained scarce water and food resources as well as the nation's ability to educate and employ them. Critics cite forced abortions and sterilizations, punitive enforcement and a widening gender gap as the unwelcome legacy. Millions of baby girls are believed to have been aborted in a country which traditionally favors male heirs. China already allows a number of exceptions to the policy, including allowing rural families a second child if the first is a girl, and permitting couples in some cities a second child if both parents had no siblings. "If population control reaches the expected goal, Guangdong is likely to let couples in which one of the two is an only child to have a second child after the Twelfth Five-Year plan," Zhang Feng, director of Guangdong Population and Family Planning Commission, told the Southern Metropolis Daily on Friday. Near Hong Kong, Guangdong is home to about 100 million people and the Twelfth Five-Year plan runs through 2015. After 2030, Zhang said, any Guangdong couple could have two children. As China's population ages and wages slowly rise, the government is becoming more concerned about who will take care of the elderly than about a destabilizing surge of young people unable to find jobs. The rising cost of housing and education leaves many urban couples uninterested in the big families of their ancestors, but many would still like a second child. "Should there be a difference between giving birth to a first child and the second one? If there is, then are our two children unequal?" asked Yang Zhizhu, 44, a former law professor at the China Youth University for Political Sciences, who was fired after his wife had a second daughter last year. "If it is legal to have a first child, then it shouldn't be illegal to have a second one, otherwise it would be a kind of discrimination within our family." Earlier this year, Caijing Magazine reported on a pilot program in five provinces next year to allow families in which one of the couple was an only child to have a second child. Experts worry that Beijing is unprepared for the sheer speed at which China will age. The United Nations predicts China's working-age population will peak in 2015 and plunge by 23 percent by 2050. By then, there will be 438 million Chinese aged 60 or over, or 61 for every 100 adults of working age, up from just 16 in 2005, according to government figures. The traditional Chinese preference for boys means that girls are more likely to be aborted or abandoned, meaning that 24 million Chinese men may find themselves unable to marry by 2020, feeding a growing problem of wife- and child-trafficking. In 2009, there were 119.45 male newborns for every 100 female births, while the natural ratio should be about 105 males per 100 females at birth. (Additional reporting by Huang Yan and Mark Chisholm; Editing by Nick Macfie) World China China Labor Unrest United Nations Add a Comment *We welcome comments that advance the story directly or with relevant tangential information. We try to block comments that use offensive language or appear to be spam and review comments frequently to ensure they meet our standards. If you see a comment that you believe is irrelevant or inappropriate, you can flag it to our editors by using the report abuse links. Views expressed in the comments do not represent those of Reuters. © Copyright 2010 Thomson Reuters Editorial Editions: Africa Arabic Argentina Brazil Canada China France Germany India Italy Japan Latin America Mexico Russia Spain United Kingdom United States Reuters Contact Us Advertise With Us Help Journalism Handbook Archive Site Index Video Index Reader Feedback Mobile Newsletters RSS Podcasts Widgets Your View Analyst Research Thomson Reuters Copyright Disclaimer Privacy Professional Products Professional Products Support Financial Products About Thomson Reuters Careers Online Products Acquisitions Monthly Buyouts Venture Capital Journal International Financing Review Project Finance International PEhub.com PE Week FindLaw Reuters on Facebook Thomson Reuters is the world's largest international multimedia news agency, providing investing news, world news, business news, technology news, headline news, small business news, news alerts, personal finance, stock market, and mutual funds information available on Reuters.com, video, mobile, and interactive television platforms. 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