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Tactic To Stop Gulf Leak Could Hike Oil Flow During Attempt
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May 31, 2010 8:46 a.m. EST
Topics: government, politics, oil and gas - upstream activities, environmental issue, environmental pollution, water pollution, economy, business and finance, safety of citizens, energy and resource, United States
Kris Alingod - AHN News Contributor
New Orleans, LA, United States (AHN) - BP will begin a new method to try to plug to the leak in the Gulf on Monday. The plan, which involves cutting pipe and installing a containment device, will raise the flow rate of oil gushing out of the sunken rig by 20 percent.
Attempts to stem the leak with heavy mud injected into the leaking rig's well failed over the weekend. BP said it successfully pumped in more than 30,000 barrels of mud in three attempts that began last Wednesday.
The method, called "top kill," had never been tried at depths of 1,600 meters, where the rig lies off the coast of Louisiana. Officials had hoped to successfully stem the flow of fuel before the beginning of the hurricane season, which is projected to be one of the worst and could damage the Gulf's already suffering ecosystem.
BP now plans to remove a portion of a damaged pipe and put a cap over it. The lower marine riser package cap containment system, as the company calls it, will be connected to a ship on the surface and is expected capture most of the fuel leaking from the well.
The strategy, however, "could result in a temporary increase in oil flow by as much as 20 percent until the containment device is applied over the leak," said the unified command, a multi-agency operation that includes the departments of Defense, Commerce, Interior and Homeland Security, the Fish and Wildlife Service and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Officials announced a new estimate on how much fuel was spilling into the ocean last week. The estimate, 12,000 to 19,000 barrels a day, is more than double the previous rate of 5,000 barrels or 210,000 gallons a day.
The spill, the largest in U.S. history, began after Transocean's Deepwater Horizon drilling unit exploded on April 20. Three sections of piping on the seabed were damaged in the blast that killed 11 people and left three others critically wounded.
About 13.1 million gallons of oil-water mix have been recovered from the Gulf, and operations including controlled burning and skimming by more than 20,000 personnel continue.
Approximately 920,000 gallons of dispersants have been released to break down the slick, despite concerns from advocacy groups about the effect of such chemicals in the ocean. The Pentagon had assured critics about the use of dispersants by citing NOAA, but officials last week said scientists and federal and state agencies were working "to address key questions arising from the unprecedented use of chemical dispersants."
BP and the Obama administration are facing increasing public anger over the disaster.
The company, which owns the oil leaking into the ocean and operates the license on which Transocean's rig was drilling, is now being investigated for ignoring safety issues and falsely informing the government that it had a contingency plan for large-scale spills. Its close relationship with the Minerals Management Service, which oversees offshore drilling, is also under scrutiny.
The director of the Minerals Management Service, Elizabeth Birnbaum, left her post last Thursday as the federal government announced a major overhaul of the agency. President Barack Obama has taken responsibility for not "fully changing the culture at MMS," and issued tougher rhetoric on Saturday during a visit to the Gulf Coast.
"We will not relent until this leak is contained, until the waters and shores are cleaned up, and until the people unjustly victimized by this manmade disaster are made whole," he said.
But the president also sought to lower expectations about the new riser cap method planned.
"This approach is not without risk and has never been attempted before at this depth. That is why it was not activated until other methods had been exhausted. It will be difficult and will take several days," he said.
The oil reached the coastlines of the Gulf states more than a week ago.
Researchers from the University of South Florida revealed the discovery of a "massive" oil plume in the depths of the Gulf last Friday. The underwater slick, located south of Alabama and about 22 miles from the sunken rig, has the highest concentrations of oil at depths of 400 meters.
"The discovery is significant because it verifies the presence of dissolved hydrocarbons in the deep recesses of the Gulf of Mexico that cannot be seen with the human eye but could eventually become a threat to marine life and habitats," the university said in a release.
NASA images of the leak early this month showed the oil as a dull gray color in the shape of a letter "U" some distance from the Mississippi Delta. Images this week show the slick surrounding the delta.
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