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Yahoo! My Yahoo! Mail More Yahoo! Services Account Options New User? Sign Up Sign In Help Yahoo! Search web search Home Singapore Asia Pacific World Business Entertainment Sports Technology Trio win Nobel Medicine Prize for research into ageing AFP - Tuesday, October 6 Send IM Story Print Interactive graphic on the Nobel Prize for Medicine, awarded to a US trio for the discovery of how chromosones remain young. STOCKHOLM (AFP) - – Australian-American researcher Elizabeth Blackburn and Carol Greider and Jack Szostak of the United States won the Nobel Medicine Prize on Monday for identifying a key switch in cellular ageing. The trio were honoured for discovering how chromosomes are protected by telomeres and the role of an enzyme called telomerase in maintaining or stripping away this vital shield. "The award of the Nobel Prize recognises the discovery of a fundamental mechanism in the cell, a discovery that has stimulated the development of new therapeutic strategies," the Nobel jury said. Blackburn and Greider are only the ninth and tenth women to win the Nobel Medicine Prize since 1901 -- out of a total 195 medicine laureates -- and this is the first time two women have shared the honour. List of female winners. But Nobel committee secretary Goeran Hansson said gender played no part in the decision. "They're not being honoured because they are women. They are being honoured because they've made a fundamentally important discovery," he told Swedish news agency TT. The new laureates said they were overjoyed. Greider, 48, a molecular biology and genetics professor at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Baltimore, told Swedish Radio she was "just thrilled." Carol Greider's reaction. "I just think that the recognition for curiosity-driven basic science is very, very nice," she said, adding that she was up doing laundry in the US when the early-morning call came from Sweden. Blackburn, 60, who teaches biology and physiology at the University of California in San Francisco, said she knew when they made their Christmas Day 1984 discovery that they were on to something big. "I felt very excited ... and I thought this is very interesting, this is a very important result, and you don't often feel that about a result," said Blackburn, who was inspired to become a scientist when she read as a teenager a biography about double-Nobel laureate Marie Curie. Australia hailed its first female Nobel winner. "Her achievement is an inspiration for all Australian scientists and those considering a career in science -- especially for young women," acting science minister Craig Emerson said. Szostak, 56, a professor of genetics at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, said he planned to celebrate with "a big party at some point" and was "looking forward to seeing Stockholm in winter with the kids" at the Nobel prize ceremony in December. Telomeres are a minute yet vital factor in ageing. They are like a nubby, protective cap, fitting on the ends of the strands of DNA -- the chemical recipe for life -- that are packed into chromosomes. Related article: Telomeres explained After Blackburn's studies in 1980 on a single-cell organism known as Tetrahymena, or pond scum, she and Szostak discovered in 1982 that a unique DNA sequence in the telomeres protects the chromosomes from damage when the cells divide. In 1984, Blackburn and her then grad student, Greider, also identified telomerase, the enzyme that makes the telomere DNA. If telomeres become worn, cells age. But if telomerase levels are high, the telomere length is maintained, and cellular ageing is braked. A small number of rare but very destructive diseases, including a form of severe anaemia, are linked to defective telomerase, resulting in damaged cells. Excited by these breakthroughs, many experts initially speculated ageing could be pinned to telomere shortening. But the ageing process has emerged as something that encompasses different factors, as well as telomeres. In addition, high levels of telomerase also help cancer, enabling its cells to replicate endlessly and achieve what scientists call "cellular immortality." Blocking cancer through "telomerase inhibitors" is one of the most eagerly explored areas of medical research. The three won the 2006 Lasker Prize, one of the most prestigious US science awards, and in 2007, Blackburn was named one of Time magazine's 100 most influential people in the world. The Nobel prizes for physics, chemistry, literature and peace are announced on consecutive days from Tuesday, followed on October 12 by the award for economics. Laureates receive a gold medal and 10 million Swedish kronor (1.42 million dollars, 980,000 euros), divisible between up to three winners per prize. The awards ceremonies take place in Stockholm and Oslo on December 10. 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