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India digs for votes with job plan: Will it work?
Mon Apr 13, 2009 7:45am EDT
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By Matthias Williams
KORHAR, India (Reuters) - Ram Babu Manjhi is weak with hunger as he stumbles across a field to an irrigation ditch he's been digging for a month in eastern India.
Under a flagship jobs scheme launched by India's ruling Congress party, he was meant to be paid 84 rupees ($1.70) a day. But after grinding work, he was ripped off by contractors.
"I have worked for a month but I have not been given any money," he said, holding a petrol can full of cheap liquor. "The contractor promised to distribute the payments today, but he is not here."
This is the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) in Bihar, one of India's poorest and most corrupt states.
Congress hopes its flagship national scheme, which aims to give employment for a hundred days a year to every rural Indian without a job, will be a vote-winner.
The scheme means tens of millions of some of India's poorest will benefit and could play a huge role in an April-May general election, as Congress battles the Hindu-nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).
The act won praise from the World Bank and the aid agency ActionAid, whose country director called it "one of the most progressive laws India has ever had."
But the scheme may be a mixed blessing for Congress. Not only is it mired in corruption in some states, but there are signs state governments, including those run by the BJP and its allies, may be getting credit.
In its bid to woo rural voters, roughly two-thirds of the 1.1 billion plus population, the government has allocated 0.6 percent of India's trillion-dollar GDP to the scheme over the next year.
Critics say much of the work done under the scheme is pointless, and call the program a populist Congress policy that is straining government finances. There are reports of workers digging ditches only to fill them in again.
But across the country some of the poorest villagers can be seen building roads, digging wells, filling potholes. Many are women or from low castes.
"WE GET NOTHING"
In Bihar, only 1.3 percent of households worked a full 100 days in 2007. Even those that found work did not always benefit.
"The contractors and the vested interests have various ways of siphoning off the money that's meant for employment," Babu Mathew, the country director of ActionAid, said
One social activist was murdered in the neighboring state of Jharkhand when he tried to investigate corruption in the scheme last year, Mathew added. Continued...
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