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Key sites in Iran's nuclear program
By The Associated Press -
Saturday, September 26
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Key sites of Iran's nuclear program:
___
NATANZ:
Iran's main uranium enrichment facility, a focal point of the nuclear dispute with the West.
The enrichment process can produce either fuel for a nuclear reactor or _ at higher levels of enrichment _ the material for a nuclear warhead. In the process, uranium feedstock is spun in arrays of thousands of centrifuges at supersonic speeds to purify it.
The facility, located in Natanz, about 160 miles (260 kilometers) southeast of Tehran, is largely built underground and is surrounded by anti-aircraft batteries to protect it.
According to an August report by the U.N.'s International Atomic Energy Agency, nearly 4,600 centrifuges at the site are being fed with uranium, while another 3,700 have been installed but are not yet operational. The site is monitored by IAEA cameras and visited by inspectors.
The plant first succeeded in enriching uranium at the facility in 2006. The IAEA says Iran has enriched more than a ton of uranium at a low level of less than five percent, enough to produce one nuclear warhead if enriched to above 90 percent. Iran says its program aims only to produce electricity.
ARAK:
A heavy-water research reactor under construction since 2004 that Iran hopes to start running in 2010. In August, Iran agreed to allow IAEA inspections of the 40-megawatt reactor in Arak, 150 miles (250 kilometers) southwest of Tehran, for the first time in a year.
Iran says the reactor will be used to produce isotopes for peaceful medical and industrial uses. But the U.S. and others fear that spent fuel from the reactors could be reprocessed into plutonium for a warhead.
BUSHEHR:
Iran's first nuclear reactor, built with Russian assistance since 1995 but still not operating after numerous delays.
Iranian officials say the 1,000-megawatt light-water reactor at the southern port city of Bushehr will be switched on by the end of the year, but that deadline remains in doubt. The reactor is to use enriched uranium from Russia for fuel to generate electricity.
Washington for years pushed Russia to stop its help on Bushehr, fearing that spent fuel from the reactor could be used to develop a weapon. But American opposition to the plant eased when Iran agreed in 2005 to return all spent fuel to Russia to ensure it can't be reprocessed.
DARKHOVIN:
Iran's planned first nuclear reactor to be built without foreign help. Construction has not yet begun on the planned 360-megawatt light-water nuclear power plant in Darkhovin, in the southwestern Khuzestan province. It would be powered with domestically produced enriched uranium.
Darkhovin is the first step in Iran's ambitious reactor plans. Iranian officials has spoken of building another 19 reactors similar to Bushehr, aiming to reach a capacity to generate 20,000 megawatts of electricity from nuclear power within 20 years.
PARCHIN:
An Iranian military base and weapons development facility outside of Tehran that is a hub of Iran's conventional munitions industry. The site has also been suspected of housing a secret underground facility used for Iran's nuclear program, a claim denied by Iran.
IAEA inspectors visited the site in 2005, but only one of four areas of potential interest on the grounds. The nuclear watchdog did not report any unusual activities, and has not mentioned Parchin in its reports since 2008.
LAVIZAN-SHIAN:
A former research center in Tehran that Iran razed in 2004. The U.S. claimed topsoil was also removed from the site to hide traces of nuclear activity. U.N. inspectors have found traces of highly enriched uranium on equipment that had been at the center, and the IAEA has pressed Iran for further information on the site. Iran has dismissed claims of any nuclear activities there.
ISFAHAN:
Iran's Uranium Conversion Facility, which reprocesses the uranium concentrate known as yellowcake into uranium hexafluoride gas, the feedstock that is spun in centrifuges for enrichment. Like Natanz, the facility near Isfahan, 200 miles (325 kilometers) southeast of Tehran, is largely underground and heavily protected.
ARDAKAN:
A plant for processing uranium ore in to yellowcake. The plant, about 300 miles (500 kilometers) southwest of Tehran, has been under construction for several years and had been expected to open in March, but there was no announcement that it had begun production. A smaller plant near the southern port city of Bandar Abbas has been producing yellowcake since 2006.
SAGHAND:
Iran's main uranium mine, in the central province of Yazd. It is the country's principal source of uranium ore, with a production capacity of 132,000 tons a year.
BONAB, RAMSAR:
Sites of small research reactors in northeastern and northern Iran, involved mainly in agricultural research.
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