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New Study Links Cold Sores To Schizophrenia
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May 31, 2010 2:00 p.m. EST
Topics: medical research, disease, health, United States
Ayinde O. Chase - AHN News Editor
Baltimore, MD, United States (AHN) - Exposure to the common virus that causes cold sores may be partially responsible for schizophrenia. Researchers have found the virus is linked to shrinking regions of the brain and the loss of concentration skills, memory, coordinated movement and dexterity widely seen in patients with the mental affliction.
"We're finding that some portion of cognitive impairment usually blamed solely on the disease of schizophrenia might actually be a combination of schizophrenia and prior exposure to herpes simplex virus 1 infection, which reproduces in the brain," the leader of the study, Dr. David J. Schretlen, said in a statement.
Schretlen is an associate professor in the department of psychiatry at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.
The research could lead to new ways to treat or prevent the cognitive impairment that typically accompanies this mental illness, including with antiviral drugs, the scientists believe.
Doctors have long known that cognitive impairment often surfaces months to years before symptoms that are traditionally used to diagnose schizophrenia surface, such as delusions or hallucinations.
Some previous studies have shown that schizophrenic patients with antibodies to herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), the virus that causes cold sores, often have more severe cognitive deficits than patients without these antibodies. Other studies have found links between patients with HSV-1 antibodies and decreased brain volumes.
Patients in the study underwent MRI brain scans to measure the volume of particular regions of their brains. Results showed that patients with antibodies to HSV-1 performed significantly worse on cognitive tests than patients without the antibodies. Furthermore, researchers noted shrinkage in the cerebellum, which controls motor function.
The study in its entirety can be read in the May issue of Schizophrenia Research.
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