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Edition: U.S. Article Comments (0) Save Email Print Reprints Most Popular Most Shared Tests on Gulf oil "superskimmer" inconclusive: ship owner | Video 2:55pm EDT BP eyes stake sale as oil spill costs top $3 billion | Video 2:56pm EDT France to look at possible U.S. sub link to sinking 02 Jul 2010 Special Report: Should BP nuke its leaking well? 02 Jul 2010 Bulls on the run in shortened week 1:32am EDT RPT-Wall St Week Ahead: Bulls on the run in shortened week 04 Jul 2010 Global stocks dip on growth fears 12:24pm EDT Factbox: Five facts about Poland's Komorowski 04 Jul 2010 Pricing for double-dip 02 Jul 2010 FACTBOX-Foreign companies stepping away from Iran 11:00am EDT BP eyes stake sale as oil spill costs top $3 billion | Video 2:56pm EDT Special Report: Should BP nuke its leaking well? 02 Jul 2010 Tests on Gulf oil "superskimmer" inconclusive: ship owner | Video 2:55pm EDT Hedge funds see "trying" year in 2010 8:23am EDT BP launches search for new investors: report 5:57am EDT Scrap dollar as sole reserve currency: U.N. report 29 Jun 2010 Komorowski wins Polish election with reforms in focus | Video 3:53pm EDT Methane in Gulf "astonishingly high": U.S. scientist 22 Jun 2010 Google-ITA deal talks unnerves travel bosses 29 Jun 2010 EU parliament group backs U.S. bank data deal 4:08pm EDT UK coalition launches shake-up of political system Digg This Tweet This Share on LinkedIn Share on Facebook Factboxes Factbox: Japan's upper house election: how it works Sun, Jul 4 2010 FACTBOX-Key political risks to watch in Britain Thu, Jul 1 2010 Related News UK plans electoral reform referendum next May 10:46am EDT New British government wants more influence in EU Thu, Jul 1 2010 Q+A: Kyrgyz referendum: a new mandate or doomed to fail? Thu, Jun 24 2010 Related Topics World » Britain's Prime Minister David Cameron (L) talks to Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg on the steps of 10 Downing Street in London May 12, 2010. Credit: Reuters/Cathal McNaughton By Estelle Shirbon LONDON | Mon Jul 5, 2010 1:29pm EDT LONDON (Reuters) - Britain's coalition government announced wide-ranging political reforms Monday, starting with a referendum on the voting system that will test the cohesion of the governing Conservatives and Liberal Democrats. Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg, a Lib Dem, said a bill would be submitted to parliament proposing a referendum on May 5, 2011, on whether to keep "first-past-the-post" or switch to another system known as the Alternative Vote (AV). He also announced plans to cut the number of members of parliament (MPs) to 600 from 650, change the rules on dissolving parliament and set the legislative term at five years instead of letting the prime minister pick a convenient election date. Clegg said these changes would make the voting system fairer and better enable MPs to hold the executive to account. The bills are likely to face a bumpy ride in parliament as some of the measures would have a profound impact on British politics. The referendum on AV will place the government in an awkward position because the Lib Dems, the junior partner, will campaign in favor of the change to AV while Prime Minister David Cameron's Conservatives will oppose it. "By giving people a choice over their electoral system, we give that system a new legitimacy," Clegg told parliament. "Surely when dissatisfaction with politics is so great, one of our first acts must be to give people their own say over something as fundamental as how they elect their MPs." He was referring to a scandal over MPs' expense claims last year that discredited the political class in the eyes of many voters and has created, the Lib Dems hope, momentum for reform of the political system. VOTE OF NO-CONFIDENCE First-past-the-post voting, in which the candidate who gets most votes in a constituency wins even if he or she falls short of 50 percent of the total, has favored two major parties, the Conservatives and Labor, while marginalizing the Lib Dems. Under AV, if no candidate wins 50 percent of the vote, the second preferences of voters who picked last-placed candidates are redistributed until someone reaches the 50-percent mark. AV falls short of the Lib Dem dream of proportional representation, but the party sees it as an improvement on the current system. A referendum offering AV was the price of Lib Dem participation in a Conservative-led government. "They did go into the coalition knowing that this would happen and while it will be a strain it's not likely to be the end of the world," said Tony Travers of the London School of Economics. Equally controversial will be the proposed changes to how parliament can be dissolved and the government brought down. Clegg said the coalition had dropped a plan to make it harder for a vote of no-confidence to pass by requiring support from 55 percent of MPs instead of 50 percent. The opposition Labor Party immediately labeled this "a major u-turn." Clegg said support from 50 percent of MPs would still be sufficient for a vote of no-confidence. However, that would no longer force the prime minister to resign immediately and trigger an election. Instead, the prime minister would have 14 days to try and form a new government capable of winning a confidence vote. Only if such efforts failed would there be an election. A separate measure would allow parliament to vote to dissolve itself early, but only by a two-thirds majority. Clegg said these proposed changes represented a transfer of power from the executive to parliament, but he is likely to face fierce opposition from many MPs who fear the new system would make it easier for governments to cling to power. (Additional reporting by Keith Weir) World Add a Comment *We welcome comments that advance the story directly or with relevant tangential information. We try to block comments that use offensive language or appear to be spam and review comments frequently to ensure they meet our standards. If you see a comment that you believe is irrelevant or inappropriate, you can flag it to our editors by using the report abuse links. Views expressed in the comments do not represent those of Reuters. © Copyright 2010 Thomson Reuters Editorial Editions: Africa Arabic Argentina Brazil Canada China France Germany India Italy Japan Latin America Mexico Russia Spain United Kingdom United States Reuters Contact Us Advertise With Us Help Journalism Handbook Archive Site Index Video Index Reader Feedback Analyst Research Mobile Newsletters RSS Podcasts Widgets Your View Labs Thomson Reuters Copyright Disclaimer Privacy Professional Products Professional Products Support Financial Products About Thomson Reuters Careers Online Products Acquisitions Monthly Buyouts Venture Capital Journal International Financing Review Project Finance International PEhub.com PE Week FindLaw Thomson Reuters is the world's largest international multimedia news agency, providing investing news, world news, business news, technology news, headline news, small business news, news alerts, personal finance, stock market, and mutual funds information available on Reuters.com, video, mobile, and interactive television platforms. Thomson Reuters journalists are subject to an Editorial Handbook which requires fair presentation and disclosure of relevant interests. NYSE and AMEX quotes delayed by at least 20 minutes. Nasdaq delayed by at least 15 minutes. For a complete list of exchanges and delays, please click here.

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