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Kyrgyz leader casts vote in turbulent south
Maria Golovnina
OSH
Sun Jun 27, 2010 1:41am EDT
OSH Kyrgyzstan (Reuters) - Kyrgyzstan's interim leader voted on Sunday in Osh, epicentre of a wave of ethnic bloodshed, in a referendum likely to pave the way for the creation of Central Asia's first parliamentary democracy.
World
At least 275 people were killed this month -- and possibly hundreds more -- in violence between the two main ethnic groups in southern Kyrgyzstan, a former Soviet republic that hosts U.S. and Russian military air bases and shares a border with China.
Sunday's referendum calls on voters to support changes to the constitution that would devolve power from the president to a prime minister, paving the way for parliamentary elections in October and diplomatic recognition for the interim government.
The central election commission said 5.4 percent of the national electorate had voted within an hour of polls opening.
Interim government leader Roza Otunbayeva arrived in a motorcade amid high security at Osh State University, smiling and appearing relaxed in a bright purple jacket.
"Our country today is on the brink of great danger, but the results of this referendum will show that the country is united and that the people are one. It will stand strong on its own feet and move forward," Otunbayeva said after casting her vote.
The United States and Russia say they would support a strong government to prevent the turmoil spreading throughout Central Asia, a strategic region bordering Afghanistan that -- with the exception of Kyrgyzstan -- is run by presidential strongmen.
Otunbayeva leads the interim government that assumed power after the revolt in April that overthrew President Kurmanbek Bakiyev. She needs the vote to establish the legitimacy of the government, which has never been voted in.
Administering the vote to a divided and frightened population in the south, separated from the capital Bishkek by a range of snowcapped mountains, will be a major challenge.
The clashes have deepened divisions between the Kyrgyz and Uzbeks who have a roughly equal share of the population in the south. Many ethnic Uzbeks say they were targeted in the violence and are loath to support what they see as a Kyrgyz initiative.
Others are still barricaded inside their neighbourhoods in Osh, afraid to venture out. Otunbayeva said in an interview on Friday that security forces would deliver ballot boxes directly to the homes of ethnic Uzbeks.
"The situation in the south remains extremely tense and unpredictable, with ethnic Kyrgyz and Uzbek residents having largely retreated into ethnically near-homogenous areas," Human Rights Watch said in a statement.
TENUOUS CONTROL
Though originally from the south, Otunbayeva -- a former ambassador to Britain and the United States -- is little known in Osh and her control of the volatile region is tenuous.
The university where she voted was unscathed, but many other neighbourhoods of Osh -- Kyrgyzstan's second-largest city -- are in ruins. Tens of thousands of residents who fled the clashes returned to burned-out homes.
Voters are being asked one simple question: do they approve a new constitution? Under the new charter, Otunbayeva -- the only woman ever to lead a Central Asian republic -- would remain interim president until the end of 2011, before stepping aside.
Parliamentary elections would be held every five years and the president limited to a single six-year term in office.
In Bishkek, where constitutional change is widely expected to find support, the national anthem blared from loudspeakers inside a polling station to mark the start of voting at 8:00 a.m. (0200 GMT). Most of the early voters were elderly.
"A state cannot exist without fundamental law, so we have to put an end to this chaos," said Olga Shushpanova, 84, after she cast her ballot. "I've been living here since 1950. I want to see order, peace and a prosperous Kyrgyzstan."
Saikal Oshurahunova, 18, was voting for the first time in her life. "I am a patriot and I have come to vote for Kyrgyzstan's good and stable future," she said.
Talgat Zhanuzakov, a 23-year-old computer engineer, said: "I am not sure if my vote matters, but all the same I decided to vote. I want to see prospects of growth and of a prosperous life."
(Additional reporting by Dmitry Solovyov and Olga Dzyubenko in Bishkek, writing by Robin Paxton; Editing by Charles Dick)
World
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